Ramp Access

Types of Ramps: Permanent vs. Temporary

A ramp (hellingbaan) is a common feature used to improve the accessibility of a building by providing an alternative to stairs. In Dutch residential buildings, you will encounter several types. Permanent Ramps: In modern constructions, ramps are often integrated into the building's design from the outset. These are typically made of concrete, asphalt, or paving stones and are designed to blend in with the landscaping and architecture. Retrofitted Ramps: In older buildings, ramps are often added later to improve accessibility. These are frequently modular systems made of metal (usually aluminum) or wood, and are bolted onto existing structures. Threshold Ramps: Known as a drempelhulp, this is a much smaller, often portable wedge of rubber or metal used to bridge a single high threshold at a doorway. While a listing might mention 'ramp access', the type and quality of the ramp are what truly matter. A beautifully integrated concrete ramp is a world away from a steep, temporary-looking wooden structure that feels like an afterthought.

The Devil is in the Details: Gradient and Safety

The mere presence of a ramp does not automatically mean a building is accessible. A poorly designed ramp can be unusable or even dangerous. The most critical factor is the gradient (the steepness or hellingshoek). The Dutch Bouwbesluit (Building Decree) has specific regulations for the maximum gradient of ramps in new constructions to ensure they are safely navigable by someone in a manual wheelchair without assistance. A ramp that is too steep may be usable for a powerful electric scooter or someone pushing a stroller, but impossible for a manual wheelchair user to ascend. Other safety features are equally important. The surface must be non-slip, even when wet. A proper ramp should have raised edges (opstaande randen) on both sides to prevent wheels from slipping off, and handrails (leuningen) are essential for longer ramps to provide stability for both wheelchair users and people walking. When viewing a property, do not just look at the ramp; assess its practicality. If possible, test it. A ramp that is too steep or lacks basic safety features is a classic example of 'token accessibility'—a gesture that ticks a box but fails in its practical purpose.

Landlord's Obligation and Tenant Requests

For existing buildings, a landlord is generally under no obligation to install a ramp simply because a prospective tenant needs one. The responsibility for making a private rental property accessible typically falls to the tenant, with potential financial support from the government. If a tenant has a disability and requires a ramp for access, they can apply to their municipality for support under the Wet maatschappelijke ondersteuning (Wmo). If the application is approved, the Wmo can provide a grant to fund the installation of a suitable ramp. However, the tenant must first get written permission from the landlord or VvE to make the alteration to the property. While a landlord cannot unreasonably withhold permission for such adaptations, it adds an extra layer of bureaucracy and potential delay to the process for the tenant.