PM₁₀ Air Quality

Understand PM₁₀ Air Quality with Reported Unit, Observation Time, and Station Setting Clear

Interpret PM₁₀ Air Quality through calibration, sensor type, and weather context, not as a complete health assessment.

PM₁₀ represents PM10 particulate matter in the supported air-quality data and is reported using micrograms per cubic metre. Treat PM₁₀ air quality as one observation shaped by recency, source, and local context. Read every value together with its station, timestamp, source, unit, and status; concentrations and composite indices answer different questions and should not be treated as interchangeable.

45cities covered
83measuring stations

The Official PM10 Thresholds

Every reading on these pages is placed on the official five-band Dutch scale. The thresholds differ per pollutant; these are the NO₂ boundaries in µg/m³.

≤ 20
≤ 45
≤ 75
≤ 125
> 125
Understanding PM10 in air quality
PM10 refers to airborne particles with diameters of 10 micrometres or less. They include a mix of materials such as dust, soot, tire and brake wear, road salt, and natural particles like sea salt or desert dust transported over long distances. Because PM10 can be breathed into the respiratory system, elevated concentrations are linked to coughing, throat irritation, and worsened symptoms for people with asthma and chronic bronchitis. Levels may spike during dry, windy weather, heavy traffic, construction activity, or regional dust intrusions. Monitoring PM10 helps identify short-term episodes that can be managed by timing outdoor activities, improving ventilation, and reducing local emissions. Over the long term, lower particle levels are associated with cleaner air, fewer symptoms, and healthier communities.

Where does PM10 come from?

PM10 particles come from a mix of human and natural sources, including road traffic, construction sites, agriculture, and industrial activities. Non-exhaust emissions such as tire and brake wear or resuspended dust can significantly raise PM10 levels in busy cities. Natural inputs, like sea salt or long-range desert dust, also influence concentrations—especially during dry or windy conditions.

Health effects of PM10
PM10 can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat and aggravate respiratory conditions. Sensitive groups may experience increased symptoms during high-particle episodes.

- Irritation of eyes and throat

- Coughing and congestion

- Asthma symptom worsening

- Bronchitis aggravation

- Reduced exercise capacity

Environmental effects of PM10
PM10 contributes to haze and reduces visibility. Deposition on leaves, soil, and water can affect plant health, soil chemistry, and urban cleanliness.

- Haze and reduced visibility

- Surface soiling and dust

- Leaf and crop coating

- Soil and water deposition

- Ecosystem stress

Where PM10 Is Measured

Every Dutch city with stations tracking PM10, ranked by coverage. Open a city for its live readings and history.

Other Pollutants

What NO₂, ozone and fine dust actually are, where they come from, and at what concentration each one moves from good to bad on the official Dutch scale.

Dutch and EU Air Quality Context

All air quality information on Luntero comes from Luchtmeetnet, the official Dutch air monitoring network operated under national and EU standards. This ensures that every measurement—whether for NO₂, PM, O₃, or the LKI index—is consistent, transparent, and comparable across the Netherlands and other European countries.

View Luchtmeetnet data source

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